Wednesday, August 26, 2020

What To Expect And Be Wary Of When You Buy Essays Online

What To Expect And Be Wary Of When You Buy Essays Online In this work, fl classes contribute to the ways by which asian ethnic teams of peo ple. You can verify your work with studentteachers when it comes to usually spaced l units of output, the price of each lecture and interviewed him briefly. There’s no have to overpay for services that could price you less in British kilos. In addition, you also will get a title web page and a bibliography at no cost. Our service additionally has a built-in plagiarism checker that you may use as many occasions as you want for free. You can neglect a couple of good night’s sleep, social media, and hanging out with friends; you must totally immerse your self in your studies. You can find some free samples on the web so that you don’t need to pay for a term paper, or you can order a time period paper with the help of a analysis paper writing service. It is often very onerous to find correct and comprehensible info on a selected matter. We by no means ask our shoppers to pay for a term paper in advance, so that you don’t have to fret about your cash. Do you want your essay to be carried out by tomorrow morning? We’ll do your research paper in a few hours for a reasonably good price. I catch my students plagiarizing sometimes, but every now and then I get papers from them that are clearly not written by them. And so far as I know, there’s little I can do about it… it’s not plagiarism and I actually have no method to prove anything. (Plus there’s always a chance a pupil simply lastly put some work right into a paper after being afraid they’ll fail). I’ve brought it up with my department, they usually say there’s nothing I can do. University regulations stop me from accusing college students of plagiarism/fraud with out hard evidence, so all I can do is have a “speak” with them. Get the top-notch paper writing service that’s somewhat inexpensive and, most significantly, pays off with a optimistic result. As simple as that, you possibly can have any homework project done by an skilled in your subject for affordable. In search of essay assist in the UK, Royal Essays are the primary alternative by way of writing high quality and value. Our consultants are the best in the country, able to cope with any paper type, matter, issue, and urgency. Don’t need to write that English Lit paper that’s been hanging over your head? I always wanted to be author, but was advised from an early age that such a dream was futile. After all, no person ever puts a categorized advert within the paper that reads “Writers Wanted.” Then, in the Village Voice, I noticed just such an ad. Writers wished, to write brief items on enterprise, economics, and literature. As soon as the author composes the primary part of your project, you might look through it in your page. If the quality of his or her work is satisfying, you'll pay for the first half and anticipate the following one. When you decide the writer to write your assignment, you may ask for a free preview. In such a means, you’ll have the ability to consider the writing fashion and the writer’s skills. It was from a time period paper mill, they usually ran the advert initially of every semester. On‐line journals and eBooks must be combined with library visits. With the numerous pursuits that students have on their day‐to‐day schedules, it can be difficult to get the chance to all the requisite analysis and writing. They suppose it's the absence of need to finish assignments that leads to the utilizing of writing providers. Use the help of true tutorial consultants and obtain the service you have earned! Such as a a number of of average worker can have an effect on your selfefficacy, know-how. Additional frequent sources of funding greater training. The rise of personal workers than a future cutback in gasoline gross sales, nevertheless. Such as at specialists and rehabilitation clinics of north carolina to cowl, college students are left unabridged. If the words “APA,” “MLA,” “Chicago,” “Turabian,” and others make you are feeling confused, formatting is basically not your factor. Luckily to you, writers at EssayShark are knowledgeable in formatting kinds. Specify your necessities about formatting in your order, and also you’ll get a term paper that's perfectly formatted and structured.

What To Expect And Be Wary Of When You Buy Essays Online

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Sunday, June 7, 2020

Global Financial Crisis Causes Housing Market Cause Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Between 1997 and 2006, the price of a typical house increased by 122%. During the two decades ending in 2002, the national median home price ranged from 2.5 to 3.2 times median household income and the proportional ratio is 4.2 in 2004 and 4.4 in 2006. This housing bubble result moved in quite a few homeowners refinancing their homes at lower interest rates, or financing consumer spending by taking out second mortgages secured by the price appreciation. In the year 2006 last quarter the average housing prices by September 2008 had declined by 20% over in peak time. Easy credit, and a belief that house prices would continue to appreciate, had encouraged many subprime borrowers to obtain adjustable-rate mortgages and these mortgages enticed borrowers with a below market interest rate for some predetermined period, followed by market interest rates for the remainder of the mortgages term. These Borrowers could not make the higher payments once the initial grace period ended would try to refinance their mortgages. Refinancing became more difficult, once house prices began to decline in many parts of the developed and developing countries. Borrowers who found themselves unable to escape higher monthly payments by refinancing began to default. In the year 2007, lenders had begun foreclosure proceedings on nearly 1.3 million properties, a 79% increase till 2006. This increased to 2.2 million in 2008, an 82% increase vs. 2007. By the month July 2008, 9.2% of all mortgages outstanding were either delinquent or in foreclosure. Risk-taking behavior cause The key theme of the crisis is that many large financial institutions did not have a sufficient financial cushion to support the commitments made to others or absorb the losses they sustained. Using technical terms, these firms were highly leveraged (i.e., they maintained a high ratio of debt to equity) or had insufficient capital to post as collateral for their borrowing. A key to a stable financial system is that firms have the financial capacity to support their commitments. The Economists are argued: The major critical role for regulation is to ensure that the sellers of risk have the capital to support their bets. The Risk-taking behavior includes Home equity extraction, Consumer and household borrowing, Housing speculation and corporate risk-taking and leverage factors Pro-cyclical human nature. Financial market factors cause During a period August 2007 of strong global growth, growing capital flows, and prolonged stability earlier this decade, market participants sought higher yields without an adequate appreciation of the risks and failed to exercise proper due diligence. At the same time, weak underwriting standards, unsound risk management practices, consequent excessive leverage combined to create vulnerabilities in the system. Policy-makers, regulators, increasingly complex and opaque financial products, and supervisors, in some advanced countries, did not adequately appreciate and address the risks building up in financial markets, or take into account the systemic ramifications of domestic regulatory actions keep pace with financial innovation. Macroeconomic conditions Interest rates contributed to an increase in one year and five year adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) rates, making ARM interest rate resets more expensive for homeowners. This may set asset prices high generally move inversely to interest rates also contributed to the deflating of the housing bubble and it became riskier to speculate in housing Trade deficits created demand for various types of raising the prices of those assets while lowering interest rates, financial assets. International investors had these funds to lend, either because they had very high personal savings rates (as high as 40% in China), or because of high oil prices. These referred to as a flood or saving glut of funds (capital or liquidity) reached the financial markets. Stock market crash cause One of the key area stock market crashes is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a significant cross-section of a stock market which is the major factor trade investors. Crashes are driven by panic and also as much as by underlying economic factors. They often follow speculative stock market bubbles in the real business factor. Stock market crashes was in fact social phenomena where external economic events combined and also with crowd behavior and psychology in a positive feedback loop where selling by some market participants drives more market participants to sell in loss. In general speaking, crashes usually occur under the conditions of prolonged period of rising stock prices and excessive in economic optimism. The P/E ratios exceed long-term averages in market and extensive use of leverage and margin debt by market participants. There is no numerically specific definition of a crash but the term commonly applies to steep double-digit percentage losses in a stock market index over a period of several days and carried it to more than a year. In general crashes are often distinguished from bear markets by panic selling and dramatic, abrupt price declines. The Bear markets are periods of declining stock market prices that are measured in months to years during late 2007 and early 2008. While crashes are often associated with bear markets, they do not necessarily go hand in hand. The crash of 1987 for example did not lead to a bear market. In the same way, the example is Japanese Nikkei bear market of the 1990s occurred over several years without any notable crashes. Boom and collapse of the shadow banking system The significant and key blame for the freezing of credit markets on a run on the entities in the parallel banking system. It also called the shadow banking system. These entities became critical to the credit markets underpinning the financial system, but were not subject to the same regulatory controls. Further, these entities were vulnerable because they borrowed short-term in liquid markets to purchase long-term, risky assets and illiquid. It means that disruptions in credit markets would make them in order to rapid deleveraging, selling their long-term assets at depressed prices during the crisis. The experts described the significance of these entities: In early 2007, asset-backed commercial paper conduits, in auction-rate preferred securities, in structured investment vehicles, tender option bonds and variable rate demand notes, had a combined asset size of roughly $2.3 trillion. The Assets financed overnight in third party repo grew to $2.5 trillion. Assets held in hedge funds grew to roughly $1.8 trillion. The combined balance sheets of the five major investment banks which are totaled $4 trillion. The comparison with, the total assets of the top five bank holding companies in the U.S at that point were just over $6 trillion. So the total assets of the entire banking system were about $10 trillion. The experts stated that the combined effect of these factors was a financial system vulnerable to self-reinforcing asset price and credit cycles during decade. Mortgage compensation model, executive pay and bonuses cause In the booming period, enormous fees were paid to those throughout the mortgage supply chain. Which are from the mortgage broker selling the loans, to small banks that funded the brokers, then the giant investment banks behind lenders? During the period whichever originating loans were paid fees for selling them irrespective of how the loans performed. Finally the default or credit risk was passed from mortgage originators to investors using various types of financial innovation with ingenuity process. This final result came to known as the originate to distribute model, as opposed to the traditional model where the bank originating the mortgage retained the credit risk of the system. In effect, finally the mortgage originators had no skin in the game, by giving rise to moral hazard, in which behavior and consequence were separated from the model. Regulation and Deregulation cause The critics have argued that the regulatory framework did not keep directly with financial innovation, such as the increasing importance of the shadow banking system, off-balance sheet financing and derivatives. In other ways the cases, laws were changed or enforcement weakened in parts of the financial systems. Finally several critics have argued that the most critical role for regulation is to make sure that financial institutions have the ability or capital to deliver on their commitments. Main Global Financial Crisis Root Cause Workflow

Sunday, May 17, 2020

The And Substance Abuse By Paula Dominguez - 1324 Words

Introduction Paula Dominguez is a 45-year-old bilingual Hispanic female. She is a single mother of three, but all of her kids where removed from her care due to general neglect and no provision of support. She has a history with addiction, which led to a past incarceration, but is currently in treatment for her alcohol and substance abuse. She currently only has supervised visits with her eldest son, Alex, but is requesting unsupervised visits and reunification services for him. Alex is 16 has a PPLA and is currently in a group home. He was molested by his stepdad when he was 10, which subsequently led to Alex later molesting his younger brother, Jesus. Jesus is 9 and is currently living with his younger brother Seth, who is 7 years old, and their grandmother, Carmen Rodriguez, in Legal Guardianship. Carmen was considering adopting both of the younger boys, but has recently changed her mind due to her inability to handle the boy’s escalating behavioral problems. There are many factors which are contributing to the family’s need for intervention services, such as mental and behavioral health diagnosis, substance abuse, and a history of abuse and neglect. Alternatively, there are many strengths and protective factors this family possesses, such as a desire to remain unified as a family, active participation in individual and family counseling, and involvement in extracurricular activities, that the family can use to mitigate existing problems. Paula Dominguez Engagement WhenShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesMarsha Jackson, Bowie State University Kathryn Jacobson, Arizona State University Paul Jacques, Western Carolina University David Jalajas, Long Island University Elizabeth Jamison, Radford University Stephen Jenner, California State University, Dominguez Hills John Jermier, University of South Florida Jack Johnson, Consumnes River College Michael Johnson, University of Washington David Jones, South University Ray Jones, University of Pittsburgh Anthony Jost, University of Delaware Louis Jourdan,

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay about Cross-Cultural Observation - 1411 Words

Cross-Cultural Observation: Macy’s Department Store In order to observe the interactions between individuals from different cultural background, my partner: Gina Nguyen and I went to the Macy’s department store, located downtown Boston. We selected this store because of the size and their reputation of having a diverse workforce. Gina and I started our observation at 3:30pm on Wednesday, October 24, 2012 and finished it at 4:20pm. We were observing the interactions between the coworkers, as well as the ones between the staff members and the customers. Before we started our observation, we read the assignment together, just to make sure we were on the same page. After that we selected some spots in the store where we were able to†¦show more content†¦I also noticed that all of them seemed to enjoy what they were doing, or at least that was the impression they were making. Over the course of the observation, I notice that there were three types of interactions between the workers: professional, strictly related to a work question; personal/friendly, showing a tighter connection between each other; and interactions based on avoidance, when workers interacted only for a couple of seconds, with almost no communication. There were a couple of instances when I observed professional interactions between employees; the interesting fact is that most of them happened between persons with different cultures. For example there was a Latino white male that had a conversation with an African-American woman, the male was explaining and showing her something on a computer. Their attitude was distant, which could be explained by employment rules like sexual harassment. There was a space between them that suggested the fact that they knew each other but did not engage in other conversations outside work. Their voice tone suggested a that there was no power distance, however I felt a certain level of intimidation in the voice of the female, which I believe to be because of the fact that she asked for help in the computer situation. This type of interaction happened between the Latino white male and an African-American male as well, however this time I felt an attitude of equality fromShow MoreRelated Body Language: Cultural or Universal? Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pagesmodified to suit cultural ideals and constraints? It is my proposal that of all forms of nonverbal communication the most universal is the communication of emotions through facial expression. Other channels of nonverbal communication are also of great importance in many cultures. However which channels are emphasized, what cues are considered acceptable and the symbolic meaning of the cues may vary from culture to culture. Ekman and Friesen (3) undertook an important cross-cultural study to determineRead MoreGroup Behaviors And Communication Ways Found Between Swedish And Chinese1161 Words   |  5 Pagescommunication ways found between Swedish and Chinese. Both Sweden and China are trying to manage different ways of thinking and behavior while they are communicating with each other. Therefore, both side of the company are having a hard time with cross cultural challenges. The Sweden culture tends to be a country in the lower power distance while China is a high power distance country. There is an example of high power distance orientation of China. Swedish company made a high standard for a productRead MoreHofstede’s Limitations14637 Words   |  59 PagesImproving Cultural Indices 1 IMPROVING CULTURAL INDICES AND RANKINGS BASED ON A METAANALYSIS OF HOFSTEDE’S DIMENSIONS VAS TARAS University of Calgary Haskayne School of Business SH441, Human Resources and Organizational Development 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4 Tel: (403) 220-6074 Fax: (403) 282-0095 e-mail:taras@ucalgary.ca PIERS STEEL University of Calgary Haskayne School of Business Human Resources and Organizational Development SH444 - 2500 University DriveRead MoreCross Cultural Management of Japan United States1020 Words   |  5 PagesCross Cultural Management of Japan United States One concern of the merger between these two companies involves group interaction and sense of space. People in the United States take great pride in themselves on individualism and informality. The Japanese culture values groups and formality. 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The misunderstandingsRead MoreA Brief Note On Cross Cultural Communication Within The Company1686 Words   |  7 PagesProblems or difficulties of cross-cultural communication within the company Language problem and other difficulties. English is the communication language within the company but it’s not native for the Russian managers. Therefore, they admit some difficulties related to this, such as sometimes it’s necessary to ask for the details from their American colleagues to understand their requests better. American managers admit the language difficulties as well but they understand that it’s not easy toRead MoreThe National Culture, Measured By Hofstede Indexes, Influence The Decision Of Ceo Turnover1630 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In this paper I examine how cross-sectional differences in the national culture, measured by Hofstede Indexes, influence the decision of CEO turnover. This is an essential question as the decision to replace the CEO of a firm, CEO turnover, is the most critical decision board members make during their tenure. CEO turnover is an important event which provides a corporation an opportunity to amend and revise its direction, leadership and policies. How this decision making process variesRead MoreCritical Evaluation Of Journal Article1647 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Evaluation of Journal Article: Peltokorpi, V. (2010) Intercultural communication in foreign subsidiaries: The influence of expatriates’ language and cultural competencies, Scandinavian Journal of Management, 26, 176-188. Introduction This paper will critically evaluate the above journal article in question and offer appropriate views and aspects that have been ignored by the author in this study. Initially, a brief summary of the article will be outlined, followed by an analysis and evaluationRead MoreSafe Space Report Essay1721 Words   |  7 Pages4. Observation of The Big Bang episode 5. Analysis of The Big Bang episode 6. Recommendations 7. Reference list INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this report is to determine whether or not the environment within an episode of the television series â€Å"The Big Bang Theory† is considered a safe space. Understanding the connection between cultural capabilities with the ability to function effectively in a cross cultural community will determine if individuals within the series have cultural intelligenceRead MoreFace to Face Communications Essay1105 Words   |  5 Pageslocal cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ to cement a client relationship, and taking steps to maintain these relationships is what drives business (Forbes, 2009). Referring back to the â€Å"It’s All About Face-to-Face† case study there are few cross-cultural competencies that are evident. Most evident is the cross-cultural competency cluster of â€Å"building relationships†. This is described by the â€Å"ability to gain access to and maintain relationships with members of host culture† (Kreitner, Kinicki, 2010). To do this requires careful

The Contact Sensor Project free essay sample

In today’s world Canon has been one of the most innovative high technology companies and has epitomized the business Information products, cameras, optical and other products. Innovation has been a key to Canons success throughout its history. Canon is one of the most prolific inventors of consumer and professional imaging solutions. Between 1989 and 1993, Canon was among the top six companies for total number of patents received annually in United States. The company conducts RD in five centers internationally (UK, US, France and Australia) as well as numerous sites within Japan, and has used globalization, alliances and innovation in a well-coordinated manner. Canon prides itself in being the first to market a number of consumer and personal products that we use in our every day lives. Figure 1 illustrates new products successfully launched by Canon. It is Canon’s strategic focus on innovation that has led them to be a corporate leader and one of the most prolific new product companies. INNOVATION AT WORK: Canon is a leader in both technological as well as corporate innovation. The company adheres to the Japanese philosophy of kyosei, meaning living and working together for a common good. Canon entered Phase III of its Excellent Global Corporation Plan, a mid- to long-term management plan that outlines the company’s vision of continuing to contribute to society through â€Å"technological innovation† in accordance to this philosophy. Using these guiding principles Canon has developed key steps focusing on technical innovation: 1. Management Directive: Top down approach exists, which provides executive support and awareness, as well as accountability for both products and projects. 2. Creating a consensus: Teams must agree on the direction of a product or project before proceeding to the next step. This provides a solid foundation for common goals, increasing team commitment to the project and removing communication barriers. 3. Team Harmony: Canon allows teams to select their team leaders, providing the sense of democracy in the otherwise top-down culture. Teams feel empowered and accountable for their products, increasing each team member’s commitment to the project and the team. 4. Product Focused development: This increases the success rate for the product and sets clear boundaries for the team. The overall product development process can be characterized into three stages: A. Application Oriented Basic Research (Amorphous Silicon) B. Targeting a single product (CS-I) C. Diversification to other products (Copier Machines, Thin Film Transistors, etc. ) 5. Development at country of discovery: The product development is carried out in the country where initial discovery / research took place. It enhances the sense of ownership, leverages the knowledge of the local market and reduces the inter team communication challenges. Figure 2 Canons Global Presence 6. Product Development Methodology: Canon’s methodology lays out pre-defined phases and associated deliverables. The phases (named DA, DB, DC etc. ) provide the structure needed to support the product development processes, and ensure there are checkpoints and evaluations before a decision to proceed to the next phase is made. Figure 3 Comparison of Stage-Gate ® Canons Product Development Guideling There are many similarities between Canon’s product development process and Cooper’s Stage-Gate ® process, including: ? Distinct Serial Phases ?Specific Evaluation / Checkpoints after every single phase ? Channeling of the basic science to new products while harnessing the product innovation. ?Pre-defined parameters to decide continuation or termination to the next stage. However the two processes are not identical and there are some marked differences between the two: ? Cooper’s process includes a distinct stage set out for testing and validation in the stage gate process which is included in various phases of Canon. ?Focus on manufacturing and post production adjustments in Canon’s process. 7. Institutionalized Innovation: In todays hyper-charged business environment, innovation is an integral component to any organizations continued long-term success. For example, to thrive at Google, employees have to learn to work, and to innovate, on a much larger scale. Google has institutionalized policies that allow some of their employees to spend approximately 20% of their time pursuing independent projects of their own choosing, allowing employees to be innovative. KUDOS FOR INNOVATION With an outstanding and crystal-clear focus on innovation, Canon clearly stands out as a candidate for receiving the Outstanding Corporate Innovator (OCI) Award, PDMAs (Product Development and Management Association’s) highest profile programs that is awarded to Companies that are most successful in developing new products. The critical differentiation between Canon and another company that gets the award would be to compare the product developed and extent to which it touches the society. In order to be a candidate of the OCI Award; consideration of the following characteristics must exist: 1. Sustained Success in Launching New Products over a Five-Year Time Frame. Canon’s basic philosophy is that the company has an eternal existence and it will last for one thousand years. Such a company can not be built upon a single product. As illustrated in Figure 1, Canon has launched dozens of new products in last couple of decades. 2. Significant company growth from new product success. Patents are a revealing indicator of technological capabilities. In competition with the world‘s leading companies, Canon has secured a spot among the top three recipients of U. S. patents for the past 15 years, a testament to Canons status as a technology leader. Canon aims to achieve the top position in existing businesses that have supported growth to date. To enhance market competitiveness, Cannon will secure a new technological edge through the development of key components and key devices and the reinforcement of platform technologies. There are also three additional businesses currently under development that will be critical to Canon’s ongoing success: SED, organic LED displays, and projection displays. 3. A defined new product development process, which can be described to others. Canon’s new product development guideline is a generic process defining phases, including elemental research and mass trials, being applied across different geographies (sectors) and product lines. For example, in the imaging area, Canon’s Five Imaging Engines, Image Capture, Electro-photography, Inkjets, Photolithography, and Display, are pillars for enhancing current operations. Similarly, these guidelines can be applied to a cross section of industries and companies. 4. Distinctive innovative characteristics and intangibles. Canon links development and production divisions, promoting concurrent processes to ensure cooperation starting from the initial product concept stage. Early-stage consideration of production processes and identification of problem areas has led to significantly shorter lead times as well as considerable cost reductions. HINDRANCES TO ADOPTING CANON’S NPD GUIDELINES While Canon’s processes have led them to be very successful, these may not work in other corporate cultures. Canon has a rigid, layer corporate hierarchy that may not always breed success. The top down flow of ideas risks fostering resentment among technology engineers and hindering true entrepreneurial thought. Many companies employ a more flat structure to address these issues. Canon’s process would not be prefereable in many small companies with limited financial and human resources. In a small corporate environment, the team dynamics may already be predefined. TAKEAWAYS (FOR NEW PRODUCT MANAGERS): The Canon case illustrates several key guiding principles for new product development: 1. Focus on innovation – Canon’s impressive record of patents ensured there was a pool of technologies that could be used in creating various products which could not be easily duplicated. . Executive focus – Despite being a multi-product, multi-market company, Canon maintains tremendous focus and accountability by having executives champion products and monitor success at various phases, or stopping development at a â€Å"gate†, after review. 3. Diversification – Since Canon is a large company it has the resources to focus on multiple products concurrently. Canon is a great example of a company that went after multiple revenue streams and entered new markets through research, new products and partnerships. CONCLUSION Canon has long been recognized, not only as a leader in the technology field, but also as an innovator and a company competent to successfully deliver new-to-the-world products. Based on Canon’s own corporate vision of being a leading company for a thousand years, they will need to continue to invest heavily in innovation and research and development. However, engineers and human capital alone are not the only requirements, the company also must maintain a strong corporate strategy, a clear vision and a true focus on innovation, so that every level of the organization commits and contributes to this principle.

Monday, April 20, 2020

Ybarra v. Spangard Case

Introduction People make mistakes and it is obvious that people forgive, however, when it deals with medical malpractice, the mistakes are forbidden, however, they still occur. Ybarra v. Spangard is a case study which deals with a specific situation when doctor’s mistake has lead to patient’s injury.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Ybarra v. Spangard Case specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Clinical negligence is a very serious and one of the most complicated accusing as at one and the same time the fault of a person is difficult to achieve. Having considered the case study Ybarra v. Spangard, the form of negligence that best fits this case is going to be discussed along with the elements for a claim of negligence found there. Which form of negligence best fits this case? The duty of care is one of the clinical negligence which perfectly fits the situation. One of the main reasons for this is the four elements which are included in its definition, which are as follows, â€Å"the medical professional had a DUTY OF CARE owed to the plaintiff†, â€Å"the medical professional BREACHED that DUTY OF CARE†, â€Å"the breach was both the ACTUAL and PROXIMATE CAUSE of the injury†, and â€Å"the injury resulted in DAMAGES to the plaintiff† (Negligence, 2009). In our case, the plaintiff was injured, however, due to anesthesia he is unable to make sure who of the doctors was responsible for it. Being put at the operational table, doctors failed to follow whether the patient is appropriately comforted. Due to anesthesia, a patient was unable to comfort himself as well as he was unable to say about some problems which made him feel pain. Therefore, the doctors failed to take care of a patient while they had such a duty. Are all the elements for a claim of negligence found in the case? Identify each of the four Ds. Before answering a question whether all the ele ments for a claim of negligence are found in the case or not, it is important to enumerate those elements. Duty, dereliction, direct cause and damages are elements for a claim of negligence (Lynch, Hancox, Happell, Parker, 2009). Duty means the obligation of a person to take care over another one.Advertising Looking for case study on health law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Doctors had to care for a patient and the inability of them to complete this task makes this element related to the case study. Dereliction of duty means that a doctor did not provided an expected duty of care. This is also a correct statement as in this case doctors are responsible for patient’s welfare, but their actions and dereliction led to patient’s trauma. Doctors’ actions and their dereliction have led to the paralysis of a hand. Finally, damage to patient’s health was made. Summary The case under consideration dwells upon the medical negligence when a duty of care is violated. Having put a patient at the operation desk, no one of the doctors and nurses cared for comfortable and appropriate position of the patient’s body. As a result, a patient got a neck and shoulder injury. The operation was devoted to appendices, therefore, surgeon could not cause such problem. Staying at the hospital a patient received treatment, however, it was useless. After the discharge from the hospital, pain increased and sooner a patient was diagnosed with paralysis of a hand (Ybarra v. Spangard, 1944). Therefore, the violation of the duty of care is the reason of doctors’ negligence. Reference List Lynch, L., Hancox, K., Happell, B., Parker, J. (2009). Clinical Supervision for Nurses. New York: John Wiley Sons. Negligence. (2009). Sitemason Vanderbilt. Web. Ybarra v. Spangard. (1944). 25 Cal.2d 486, 154 P.2d 687. This case study on Ybarra v. Spangard Case was written and submitted by user Nathalie Mercado to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.